本研究は、スペインで実施されているアルツハイマー病患者とその家族を対象とする縦断研究(ALzheimer's and FAmilies study;ALFA研究)の参加者から、遺伝的にアルツハイマー病のリスクが高いものの、認知機能の低下を示していない320名を対象に実施。参加者の血中のオメガ3脂肪酸濃度を測定するとともに、陽電子放出断層撮影(PET)検査により脳内の各領域のグルコースの代謝を測定しました。
■参考文献 1 Falcon, Carles;Gispert, Juan-Domingo;Sala-Vila, Aleix, et al. Omega-3 blood biomarkers relate to brain glucose uptake in individuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease dementia. Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2024 Jul-Sep. doi: 10.1002/dad2.12596 2 内閣府「令和6年版高齢社会白書」 3 厚生労働省科学研究「認知症対策総合研究事業報告書:都市部における認知症有病率と認知症の生活機能障害への対応」(研究代表者:筑波大学臨床医学系精神医学 教授 朝田隆),2013 4 厚生労働省 令和5年度老人保健健康増進等事業:「認知症及び軽度認知障害の有病率調査並びに将来推計に関する研究報告書」)(研究班長: 九州大学大学院医学研究院 衛生・公衆衛生学部門教授 二宮利治),2024 5 Alzheimer's Association. Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures (2017) Arab L, Ang A. A cross sectional study of the association between walnut consumption and cognitive function among adult US populations represented in NHANES. J Nutr Health Aging. 2015;19(3):284-290. Barbaresko J, Lellmann AW, Schmidt A, et al. Dietary factors and neurodegenerative disorders: An umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective studies. Adv Nutr. 2020;11(5):1161-1173. 6 Chauhan A, Chauhan V. Beneficial effects of walnuts on cognition and brain health. Nutrients. 2020;12(2):550. 7 Fernandez-Barres, Silvia;Pinar-Marti, Ariadna;Sala-Vila, Aleix;et al. Effect of walnut consumption on neuropsychological development in healthy adolescents: a multi-school randomised controlled trial. April 2023. 8 Ciudad, Carlos J., Izquierdo-Pulido, Maria;Noe Veronique;Sanchez-Gonzalez, Claudia. Health benefits of walnut polyphenols: An exploration beyond their lipid profile. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2017 Nov 2;57(16):3373-3383. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2015.1126218. 9 Gutierrez L, et al. Effects of nutrition on cognitive function in adults with or without cognitive impairment: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials. Nutrients. 2021;13:3728. 10 Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Global action plan on the public health response to dementia 2017 - 2025 11 Pribis P, Shukitt-Hale B. Cognition: the new frontier for nuts and berries. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100 Suppl 1:347S-52S. 12 Sala-Vila A, et al. Effect of a 2-year diet intervention with walnuts on cognitive decline. The Walnuts And Healthy Aging (WAHA) study: A randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2020;111:590-600. 13 heodore LE, Kellow NJ, McNeil EA, Close EO, Coad EG, Cardoso BR. Nut consumption for cognitive performance: A Systematic review. Adv Nutr. 2021;12(3):777-792. 14 Valls-Pedret C, Sala-Vila A, Serra-Mir M, et al. Mediterranean diet and age-related cognitive decline: A randomized clinical trial [published correction appears in JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Dec 1;178(12):1731-1732]. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175(7):1094-1103. 15 厚生労働省「日本人の食事摂取基準(2020年版)」 16 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Food Data Central, 2019. fdc.nal.usda.gov.